Attitudes and Behaviours towards Plastic Waste and Pollution, and Reuse

Plastic waste is a growing environmental challenge in Canada, with roughly 4 million tonnes generated annually, and only 9% recycled. Public concern is shaped by visible impacts on waterways, wildlife, and landfills. While past research shows strong public support for reducing plastic pollution, less is known about behavioural drivers and barriers across the population. This study addresses that gap by examining Canadians’ attitudes and behaviours toward plastic waste prevention and reuse systems.

Using a weighted national sample of 2,524 adults (March 2024), we analyzed self-reported attitudes and behaviours related to plastic waste and reuse. The study finds that most Canadians view preventing plastic waste as highly important, with recycling being the most common behaviour and reuse or upstream reduction less frequent. Frequent bottled water buyers cited taste and perceived quality as reasons to buy water, while infrequent buyers emphasized convenience constraints as reasons they would purchase. Stronger pro-climate attitudes, higher education, and older age predicted greater perceived importance of preventing plastic waste. Nearly three quarters of respondents expressed willingness to participate in reuse systems if prices matched single use alternatives.

Policy efforts should prioritize making reuse and refill systems more convenient and accessible to help remove their largest barrier. Insights can help provide guidance in designing interventions aligned with behavioural realities.

For further information on our research contact iiu-uii@pco-bcp.gc.ca.